Policy Priority Issue free essay sample

Childhood obesity is a global pandemic requiring prioritization in policy and health care reform. It has many effects on acute and long term health, including increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and certain types of cancer. This paper addresses my personal interest in childhood obesity, the relevance to nursing, problem sources, empirical evidence critique, evidence-based practice options, sites to keep current, and prioritizing the level of action to best accomplish the goal of eradicating childhood obesity. Childhood Obesity: Why It Matters To Me I have a vested interest in this topic because my family has an extended history of Type II Diabetes, Hypertension, and Stroke. I want to minimize the chances of my children acquiring these conditions. In addition, I live in San Antonio, Texas, which is one of the highest ranking cities in the United States for obesity, so I would like to see my community improve. The impact for nursing on childhood obesity is great. We will write a custom essay sample on Policy Priority Issue or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We need an in-depth exploration of how to assure that nurses are equipped with the policy, leadership, and behavioral change intervention skills, such as advocacy, collaborative leadership, and social marketing skills, that hold promise for preventing the critical public health challenge of overweight and obesity in our children (Berkowitz Borchard, 2014). The pandemic of childhood obesity is truly a nursing concern as it embodies every aspect of the metaparadigm of nursing: person, environment, health, and nursing. Nurses are responsible for being advocates for the patient at the political and legislative level as well. They care for obese children through identifying the causes, assessing the condition, implementing treatment modalities, and evaluating the results of these interventions. The treatments include standard ADPIE guidelines of nursing, but also incorporate education, behavior modification counseling, advocating for health care reform, keeping abreast of current research and policy, and acting for legislation that supports best evidence-based practice for resolution of childhood obesity. Childhood Obesity: The Problem, Options, and Recommendations Lifestyle changes in our families, communities, schools, and country have led to difficulties in children consuming a healthy diet and engaging in physical activity on a regular basis. Currently, it is common for families to not have financial or geographical access to healthy nutrition or have safe places for their children to get exercise and play. In addition, schools have had poor dietary choices readily available and have cut regular physical education out of the curriculum. This contributes to the obesity pandemic and the medical conditions listed previously. Obesity rates have increased dramatically among all age groups since 1970, more than quadrupling among children ages 6 to 11. Today, more than 23 million children and teens in the United States-nearly one in three young people-are overweight or obese. Lower-income communities and communities of color are disproportionately affected by the epidemic (RWJF, 2014). This is a devastating problem because of the profound affect it has on individual health, community health, health care systems, and financial burden at every level. Preventing childhood obesity is critical to protecting the viability of our health care system. Childhood obesity is a risk factor for many costly chronic diseases that put a tremendous strain on our health care system. Its estimated that the obesity epidemic costs our nation $117 billion per year in direct medical expenses and indirect costs, including lost productivity (RWJF, 2014). The goal is to dramatically reduce childhood obesity, thus reducing affiliated diseases and health care costs. There are a multitude of organizations that are addressing childhood obesity and yet the research indicates that the percentage of reduction in childhood obesity in the last decade is minimal. For this reason, I believe there is great need to campaign for new legislation and social programming that addresses the following supportive evidence for obesity resolution. According to Frieden, Dietz, and Collins, implementing legislation that heavily taxes unhealthy food will help reduce consumption of these foods. Decreasing the cost of healthy foods, subsidizing farmer’s markets in underprivileged areas, creating zoning legislation that prohibits the building of fast food restaurants in the vicinity of schools and recreation areas, prohibition of unhealthy food advertisements directed at children, requiring restaurants to offer healthy food options for kids with the nutritional information listed on the menu, increase active transportation and recreation, and improve physical activity programs will also reduce childhood obesity (Frieden, Dietz, Collins, 2010). The difficulty in implementing these solutions is monetary and political. The businesses negatively affected by these changes will fight against them and the cost of subsidizing groceries for the impoverished areas will cost. Childhood Obesity: Empirical Evidence The empirical evidence that supports childhood obesity policy prioritization is unhealthy food advertising directed at children and the impact it has on childhood obesity. The IOM conducted research on this subject and concluded that â€Å"statistically, there is strong evidence that exposure to television advertising is associated with adiposity in children ages 2-11 and teens ages 12-18 (Beales, 2010). I believe that this would be difficult to infer, without considering all of the other pertinent factors. For example, Frieden, et al state that the average high school graduate will have spent about 15,000–18,000 hours watching TV but only 12,000 hours in school (Frieden, et al. , 2010). Regardless of food advertising, the amount of time sedentary in front of a TV would be a contributing factor. In addition, dietary consumption, availability of healthy food and a safe place to engage in physical activity contribute. Childhood Obesity: How to Keep Current Many organizations are publicizing the current state of research and legislation for childhood obesity. The National Conference of State Legislatures provides postings of current childhood obesity legislation. It categorizes the policies by Body Mass Index, School, Task Force, Taxes, Raising Awareness, and a variety of other affiliated legislation. The site also breaks down the fifty states by their involvement in this legislation. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has update literature on the progress on childhood obesity. It lists categories regarding the source of the problem, what groups of professionals (i. e. doctors and nurses, federal government, state government, and families) can do to help, and the science behind the problem. The Office of Legislative Policy and Analysis (OLPA), a division of the National Institute of Health, have a site that updates information on S. -799 – The Prevention of Childhood Obesity Act that was put into place by Senator Kennedy in 2006. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation specializes in childhood obesity facts, publicizing current policy, and providing articles pertinent to educating the public on obesity issues. Childhood Obesity: Levels of Taking Action Childhood obesity is involved in all levels of government. In fact, in encompasses and transcends all levels to an international phenomenon. The question to be asked is â€Å"At what level of government will action be most productive in initiating process improvement initiatives? † The appropriateness and relevance of any promotion or protection strategy is highly dependent on culture and social class and is most effective when introduced at the community level. Nurses in community-based or public health settings may be the best-positioned healthcare professionals to take action on the promotion or protection strategies aimed at the prevention of childhood obesity (Berkowitz Borchard, 2014). At a community level, ordinances that ban junk food in vending machines, limit availability of soda machines, and dictation on the dietary choices available in school cafeterias can be enforced. Community organizations can discourage poor dietary choices and sedentary lifestyles and promote the benefits of good nutrition and physical activity. Programs can be established that engage the individuals in the community to participate in healthy events that would be fun. By acting at the community level, the effects will reach individuals, community, and eventually be recognized at federal and global levels. Conclusion Childhood obesity is a global pandemic with vast repercussions, including a multitude of health disorders and incredible financial burden. More dynamic problem-solving and implementation of the proposed recommendations need to be completed. Keeping current on childhood obesity legislation and research is critical in abolishing the disorder. Several organizations have websites that contain facts about issues regarding obesity, updates on legislation, and articles on evidence-based practices and programs implementing them. Understanding the research and legislation will help when facilitating process improvement initiatives at all levels, with concentration at the community level. It is the responsibility of individuals, communities, nurses and doctors, and government to take action against childhood obesity and get our kids back on the road to healthy lives. References Arons, A. (2011). Childhood Obesity in Texas: The Costs, the Policies, and a Framework For the Future. Children’s Hospital Association of Texas. Retrieved from http://www. childhealthtx. org/pdfs/Childhood%20Obesity%20in%20Texas%20Report. pdf Beales, H. (2010). Television Advertising and Childhood Obesity. The George Washington

Looking At Child Abuse In Different Communities Social Work Essays

Looking At Child Abuse In Different Communities Social Work Essays Looking At Child Abuse In Different Communities Social Work Essay Looking At Child Abuse In Different Communities Social Work Essay Child maltreatment is an international traumatic issue. The injury of being abused physically, mentally, emotionally, or sexually as a kid can consequence an person for his or her hereafters. The effects of maltreatment are frequently extended in the mental, physical, and societal nature. Suicide, force, delinquency, drug and intoxicant maltreatment, and other signifiers of criminalism are besides child maltreatment related. Therefore, many states have set up a scheme to battle the issue. Community instruction is one of the kid maltreatment bar schemes to authorise persons including kids, communities and households to better protect kids from maltreatment and development ( Child wise 2009 ) . This paper will critically measure and analyze the kid maltreatment community instruction scheme in theory and pattern which was created by Child Wise, Australia s prima international kid protection charity working across Australia, Asia and the Pacific. It will concentrate on a community in the Northern Territory of Australia and the mark groups of the scheme are kids and households in the Tiwi Island community. However, the kid maltreatment issue is found all over the universe and the community instruction scheme which will be mentioned in this paper can certainly be applied to utilize as a basic pattern to every community in the universe where needed. The writer believes that the apprehension of community instruction scheme will pave a manner for farther betterment in pattern and finally better protection of kids from maltreatment. Understanding of the scheme s theoretical foundation Harmonizing to Tomison and Wise ( 1999 ) , there are three theories that underpin the development of a holistic scheme to child maltreatment bar. First, ecological theory of child maltreatment causing, the rule of this scheme s theory is the interaction of hazard factors and protection. Thus, kids, households and communities need to understand that the possibility of kid maltreatment consequences from the combination and interaction of complex groups of factors ( National Research Council 1993 ) . Second, the acknowledgment of cardinal hazard and protective factors that influence kids, households and communities exposure to child ill-treatment. Resilience appears to be an of import protective factor which contributes to adaptive results ( Garmezy, 1993 ) . The three types of resiliency can each be of import in get the better ofing the odds, where positive results are achieved although hazard position is high, sustained competency under emphasis and kids display an ability to get by good and speedy recovery from injury, where kids function good after sing terrible injury ( Kirby A ; Fraser 1997 ) . Third, Winter ( 1999 ) points out that the acknowledgment of the importance of the local community can forestall child maltreatment by puting norms of appropriate rearing behavior, back uping parents who are under emphasis. Equally good as kids and immature people are taught norms and countenances sing acceptable societal behavior and are positively affected by the community s outlooks for kids. This is the rhythm of positive support and enhanced community life where persons and the wider societal group gain the wagess. The nexus between theories and patterns Child Wise adopted the theories of the kid maltreatment community instruction scheme to work in the Northern Territory communities. Over the past twelvemonth Child Wise facilitated a community instruction plan in the Tiwi Islands called Tayamangamiya which means regard yourself, your organic structure is sacred. The participants are all groups of people in communities ; kids, households, leader of community and working people in community. They designed a logo, T-shirts and a bag against kid maltreatment to advance this message on the island, and in peculiar to immature people about whom concerns were raised sing their exposure to sexual development every bit good as engagement in seminars which educate them about kid maltreatment. In relation to the above theoretical foundations, this plan was done by carry oning seminar and run, the plan directed at guaranting that people in communities learn more about kid maltreatment, are able to recognize cardinal hazard and protective factors of maltreatment, cognize how to react and speak to kids if they have concerns and help them to recognize that a strong community can protect kids from maltreatment ( Child wise 2009 ) . The scheme effectivity The scheme offers a scope of resources, and are complete bundles tailored to the demands of kid maltreatment bar ( Darlington et al, 2005, p.246 ) and it is most effectual when the instruction workers set up a trusting and empathic relationship with people in communities. In add-on, they assist communities to understand about the causes and effects of kid maltreatment, to construct and keep support services to child maltreatment bar and supply accomplishments of resiliency preparation ( Berry et al, 2003, p.19 ) . Another grounds of the scheme effectivity is that it focuses on persons, households and communities strengths and resiliency alternatively of their failings, reinforces bing protective factors to forestall the happening or reoccurrence of kid maltreatment. This is cardinal method to advance the developmental life accomplishments of all participants ( Centre for the Study of Social Policy, 2003, cited in FRIENDS, 2008 ) . However, this scheme would be more effectual if it combined with a scheme that specifically targets parents, such as place visiting or parent instruction plans ( Flannery et al, 2008, p.3 ) and plans that present chances for parental equal support have a positive impact on kids s cognitive results ( Layzer et al, 2001, cited in FRIENDS, 2008 ) . Ability to convey about alteration As stated at the beginning that the end of a kid maltreatment community instruction scheme is the better protection against kid maltreatment and development. It can be implied that the scheme conveying approximately better societal alteration both cognitive and active. First, people s cognition of kid maltreatment and consciousness of its incidence is increased. Second, people speak more respectfully to kids and to utilize non-physical agencies of training kids. Third, people value kids and esteem their rights and unity and protection from injury. Strategy s strengths Harmonizing to Holzer et Al ( 2006 ) , the most successful of schemes are comprised of a combination of kids, households and communities instruction schemes. The combination of intercessions of plans that included kids accomplishments preparation, perceptive retraining, kid development information, and good based services, are by and large more effectual than plans that merely concentrate on bettering kids content cognition. The purpose of scheme is strength every bit good that is to farther enhance kids, households and communities strengths and their application to all kid attention. The acceptance of the scheme in kid protection can take to a broader development in societal public assistance instead than an sole focal point on hazards and shortages ( DePanfilis A ; Wilson, 1996 cited in ) . DePanfilis and Wilson ( 1996 ) cited in Holzer et Al ( 2006 ) reference that in a figure of diverse contexts, a strengths-based position is preferred manner of pattern than others. This can be said that community instruction plans that adopted a strengths-based attack are more effectual than plans that conduct from a shortage position. A failing that may necessitate to be considered As a consequence of this integrating of community instruction scheme, many policy shapers and service suppliers seem to be satisfied about the advantages of these schemes. However, it is of import to maintain in head that the clear aim of many community plans is to construct an apprehension of kid maltreatment job and enhance kid protection instead than to cut down the prevalence of child ill-treatment ( Holzer et al, 2006 ) . It is extremely possible that in heightening kid protection, community instruction plans will cut down the prevalence of child ill-treatment. However, the schemes adopted do non peculiarly concentrate on the decrease of child ill-treatment. Therefore, this failing should be exercised when trying to deduce from the present findings to direct results refering the bar and decrease of kid ill-treatment, as this result can non be explicitly assumed. Appropriateness of scheme The community instruction scheme in this paper has two grounds for the rightness. First, cognition that is used to educate community is specific for protection in the kid abuse issue based on societal justness and human rights model related to kids. The theory building is believed to underpin the development of kids protection ( Matthew et al, 2003 ) . Second, the usage of an effectual community scheme which is associated with community credence is socially hearty and it is culturally appropriate. Furthermore, the scheme is widely accessible in the community. It is of import that barriers to accessing community instruction plans are reduced. Families from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds and households who are socially and economically disadvantaged are likely to mention themselves for this instruction. The Use of the cyberspace, CD-Rom based applications and media intercessions do non calculate big in this scheme, as all have the possible to increase the range of in tercessions to hard-to-access groups ( Matthew et al, 2003 ) . However, the cogency of the scheme would be greatly strengthened and more appropriate if betterments in kid operation were shown to be straight related to lessenings in dysfunctional parenting and additions in competent parenting variables specified by the scheme. As there is considerable grounds that learning parents positive parenting and consistent disciplinary accomplishments consequences in important betterments in kids s behavior, less coercive parenting, betterments in rearing satisfaction and efficaciousness, reduced parental depression and emphasis and lower degree of matrimonial struggle, peculiarly in parents with immature. Consideration to societal justness It is general that to turn to the household force and kid maltreatment issue, it requires concerted and supportive action between the province and district and federal degrees of authorities. It is duty for these sectors to do up the vital services, such as policing, justness and kid protection. Harmonizing to the Australia National Framework ( 2004 ) , it set up bar of kid maltreatment and household force as a national precedence which is based on the rules of ; foremost, safety where everyone has the right to be safe from household force and maltreatment. Second, partnerships where forestalling household force and kid maltreatment in households is best achieved by households, communities, community administrations and different degrees of authorities working together as spouses. Third, support where forestalling household force and kid maltreatment relies on strong leading from authoritiess and community leaders and sustainable resourcing. It is besides of import to see the strong and resilient households to forestall household force and kid maltreatment in the community as households enable people to take control of their lives, regain duty for their households and communities and to heighten single and household well-being and turn toing the cause. Successful schemes should be to forestall household force and kid maltreatment in the community by turn toing the causes of force and maltreatment, including intoxicant and drug maltreatment, generational disadvantage, poorness and unemployment. Consideration to human rights model To turn to kid abuse issue, it is necessary to see of human rights model as it is cardinal for kids to populate free from fright and force within the domestic circle ( Wilson, 2009 ) . Family or intimate maltreatment seems by and large regarded as a private matter, while human rights are deemed to be public issues. However, it is undeniable that intimate force opposes with legion human rights rules ( Levesque, 2001 ) . However, it is strongly evident that every individual civilization respects for the household s right to privateness, as a consequence, it is hard that the subject of the human rights of victims would take it up for public treatment. This absence can show the injury suffered by subsisters of intimate force. This injury has everything in common with the injury suffered in wars, businesss, civil perturbations, province anguish and maltreatment. Harmonizing to Wilson ( 2009 ) , article 19 of the Conventions of the Rights of the Child ( 1989 ) specifically deals with maltreatments perpetrated on kids by non-state histrions. In this Convention, the United Nations has recognised that household force is human rights maltreatment. It is good known that kid maltreatment causes long term and whole of life effects for subsisters and the particular to adult females are besides vulnerable to human rights maltreatment under assorted UN Conventions, to which many states are signatory including Australia. The human rights maltreatment of the kid can go on negative effects throughout the whole of a subsister s life. It is clip to take a firm stand on the legitimate topographic point in the human rights linguistic communication and civilization. Decision The kid maltreatment community instruction scheme that have mentioned underpins the development of kids protection from maltreatment in many communities in the Northern Territory in Australia. However, there are some failing that can be improved to acquire a better consequence of kid maltreatment protection and decrease. Hopefully, the analysis and rating mentioned in this paper would finally do positive development for the farther utilizing of this community instruction scheme based on societal justness and human rights model. The writer believes that human rights maltreatment is portion of our challenge to society s silencing of us.

American Revolution

American Revolution To what extent was the American Revolution caused by an ideological commitment to republicanism? There has been much debate surrounding the causes of the American Revolution. It has been a key debate amongst historians producing several schools of thoughts with conflicting interpretations of the revolution. They all place a different focus, some blaming short term issues while others trace the revolution back to a combination of factors. Fundamentally, no historical event can be fully explained by one single event or development. I hope to show that the American Revolution was a result of a long term process, its causes lie in the change in relationship between the American people and their English colonialists. Part of this process is the development of and commitment to a republican ideology. However such an ideology cannot be produced within a vacuum but is the result of an accumulation of social change triggered by certain grievances or objections to the existing order. On the o ne hand, it has been argued that the causes of the American Revolution lay in the political changes that came about after the 1760s. The materialisation of a considerable political ideology namely republicanism has been argued to have been the key force which propelled the American people into a revolution. Comparatively, Americans had previously been content and indeed loyal to the mother country and its monarchy. Steve D. Crow even labels Virginians as ‘royalists’ and proclaims that the majority of people had once ‘sided with the King’.[1] However this is not a view that lasted but one can trace the collapse of such a view from the 1760s and perhaps even earlier. Republicanism is the political embodiment of this very shift in belief toward the mother country. America went from it being primarily controlled by English colonialists to Americans demanding sovereignty, self government and freedom from English influence. Inspired by enlightenment writers such as John Locke the Republicans believed that a legitimate state authority should be derived only through consent of the governed.[2] Through such criteria, Britain was increasingly seen as corrupt, hostile and a threat to the liberties that Americans enjoyed. The greatest threat being ‘corruption’ as colonialists were seen as royal appointees not answerable to the people, causing unnecessary taxation and being part of an inherited aristocracy: This all against the ideals of republicanism.[3] Therefore, as the strength of republicanism greatened, with it augmented the breakdown of the relationship between the English and the Americans. Republicanism is indeed a key movement which combined a number of objections to the British, an organised movement that had not before existed. The nature of the movement most definitely spurred on masses of support and marked a departure from the acceptance of British rule. However, it is questionable whether this commitment to republicani sm was enough on its own to have caused the American Revolution. There are several causes that predate republicanism, these causes not as organised but certainly are key turning points in changing the attitude of the American people in favour of revolt against English control. However, the Neo-Conservative School of Thought would argue that the commitment to republicanism was indeed enough to cause the American Revolution. They place the main reason for the revolution in the ‘conservative act’ which took place as American tried to preserve a life they had started. The revolution was based upon certain ‘principle’ that they sought to protect.[4] These very principles were the foundation of the Republican agenda. Robert E Brown and Daniel J Boortsin write that the American people sought to ‘maintain the status quo’ through revolution. For example, the British imposed taxes to create capital after the French and Indian war even though it was contr adictory to the constitution. Neo-conservatives argue that the Americans rebelled against this as they were protecting their existing rights of no taxation without representation. Boortsin rights ‘the patriots more true followers of the British Constitution than the British themselves.’ A natural evolution if this desire to maintain and protect ‘principles’ can be argued to have been Republicanism. This is because, Republicanism sought to condemn the ‘corruption’ of the British rule and protect American rights which have been betrayed under British rule as it became clear that the British were seeking their interests. In a similar vein the Imperial School of Thought believes that it as also political issues namely constitutional issues that caused the revolution. Historians such as George L. Beer, Charles M. Andrew and Lawrence H. Gipson are not as negative about British rule as the Neo-Conservatives. Instead they highlight the prosperity exper ienced by colonies under British rule. As Andrews asserts the British protected ‘American goods and ships’. Gipson puts forward the case for taxation as being just as the British had made great sacrifices â€Å"defending the North American colonies in the Great War for Empires.†[5] Nevertheless, despite this positive view of British rule the Imperial School of Thought agree that ‘constitutional’ disagreements erupted between the two countries. As Americans sought self government the British in parallel pushed for more control. Thus, the British and the colonies clashed as the fought for different gaols. Therefore, these groups of historians favour a political explanation as the main cause of the American Revolution. In this light they may than agree that a commitment to the republican ideology was indeed the main cause of the American Revolution. However, by centring their explanation of the revolution upon political developments and clashes such his torians ignore other factors that were influential in creating a revolution. Others historians have brought forward the economic occurrences that in their opinion hold greater weighting when it comes to what they believe caused the American Revolution.

Business Process Modelling & Improvement Individual Assignment

Business Process Modelling & Improvement Individual - Assignment Example The associated model and the report are used for general discussion within the setting regarding the general strategy. It also assists in overall understanding of the architecture process within the university. Consequently, the report will be important for specific understanding of the landscape model processes, crucial process map for the support services of students. Additionally, the report is helpful in exploring the services of students. The paper uses Harmon’s and Dijkman’s approaches to design process architectures. Process Identification Stage and Overall Strategy Overall Strategy Like many universities, University of Sydney has sought to articulate the educational nature they offer to students by describing their generic qualities and the skill of their graduates. The core part of the university’s strategy will be the thinking part to ensure their student’s tomorrow is bright. The University of Sydney leads the way in coming up with ambitious goa ls for reform that would be of benefit to the researchers, staff, and students and have a wide effect. The University believes that education is a transformation in the lives of people. The university seeks to offer education that would make the students maximize their abilities and capabilities. This is of importance to both economic potential and social equity. Additionally, engagement, education, and research have become part of the core operation of the university. Consequently, the overall strategy for the university is to maintain their current place in a competitive global education industry. The strategies are crucial in building the work and the operation of the university and implementing the strategies in a program that is consistent of collective planning, management and decision-making. They ensure that the on-going academic competitiveness and strength to continue in future. Designation and Evaluation phases Designated processes for the university’s overall stra tegy subject to periodic evaluation to assess their productivity and their quality. The processes ensure that the alignment with the priorities, opportunities, development, and future growth of the university. The processes are carried out at intervals of about five years unless stated otherwise. The interdisciplinary of the university has the responsibility of facilitating and administering the periodic reviews like the approval of the external reviewers. The review process entails preparing a self-study according to the guidelines of the university. After the university completes with the self-study, an independent review panel of the university is set up for review and action based on the actions and recommendations. The action of the university includes renewal of the university’s intercollegiate status, designation, departmental transition, termination, or collegiate center. Therefore, the processes that are relevant to the overall strategy include: Access which enables robust delivery and discovery of information Collection and Content which facilitate stewardship in a context that is global Scholarship and Research which enhance community Discourse and individual productivity Teaching and Learning which strengthen the campus capacity and enriches students' experience An organization that develops agility and advances efficiency Justification The content and collection ensure stewardship in a context perceived to be global. It ascertains that the rapid evolution

Effect of changing government on Russian citizens before and after the Research Paper

Effect of changing government on Russian citizens before and after the fall of the Soviet Union - Research Paper Example In 1991 the people of Russia gained their electoral rights. However at what cost that right came is an important question. Reasons for choosing Soviet Union Every country during its transformation process undergoes economic turmoil. Russia had been a country that had experienced transformation of its political, economic, and social scenario several times in history. However the collapse of the Soviet Union had been a unique phenomenon. We want to study the effects of such collapse on the economic condition of the people. However unavailability of reliable data makes us do a both qualitative and quantitative study. (Ra’anan) Background: the fall of the Soviet Union The Soviet Union was formed in the aftermath of the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. During that time the Joseph Stalin had exhibited his despotic rules. From 1953-64 Nikita Krushchev tried out her reforms but failed to make many changes. The reforms were not necessarily in the direction of liberalization. During this p eriod the atrocities of the police was relaxed and the townsmen achieved a comparatively higher standard of living. The peasants were controlled by the state through the collective farms. They were the focus of much of the states concern, though that did not help their condition very much. The intellectual and the cultural life at the time of Khrushchev also performed fairly well. The educated and the civil society n the 1960s for the first time could express their desires. They expressed a desire to free themselves from the omnipresence of the state and gain individual autonomy. The rule of Kruschev saw the prevalence of oligarchy. His successor Brezchnev heightened the process becoming the chief oligarch within the ruling class. (Ra’anan, 77) From 1964 to 1982 Soviet Union saw an improvement in the material standards of their lives. However the state presence in the public life of the people was resumed. Censorship and the control of police came back. The ideologies of the parties found fewer takers from the common people. The detachment was aggravated by the growing corruption within the ranks of the party. As agriculture got less and less attention from the government investment in heavy industries and military kept rising. The non-Russian people had a growing discontent over several issues. After 1985 the controls of the state were taken over by a new group of leaders. They were the young leaders within the party. The dynamic leader Mikhail Gorbachev represented this pragmatic group of leaders. These people believed in reforms. They received an opposition within the ranks of their own party. The reformist policies of the group were in contrast to the hardliners. Gorbachev wanted to rejuvenate the country’s economy and political scenario through a series of reforms and turned to the intelligentsia for support. The former rule of control was relaxed and expression of ideas was relaxed. This led to a number of problems for the government as the civil society searched answers for the abuses of the previous governments. Under pressure the party moved towards a more pluralistic policy and constitutional government. In spite of all the changes and reforms undertaken by the government, the Gorbachev rule ceased to exist. The central institution was ruined and the people belonging to minor communities raised their voice in nationalist sentiment. The final demise came about in 1991. (Keep, 2-3)

Statement of Purpose Essay Example for Free

Statement of Purpose Essay I am excited at the prospect of pursuing a Masters in Accounting program (MAC) at North Carolina State University. I am confident that this program which integrates Accounting, Finance and Business studies is the most appropriate choice for me. Graduating from this program will enable me to carve out a career path in Accounting that I have always envisioned for myself here in the United States. My parents, who possess advance degrees in Business Administration, have been the biggest source of inspiration for me and have always encouraged me to pursue graduate level education in the United States. As a child, I was always fascinated with numbers and my interest in Math developed early in my academic career. I decided to further my interest in numbers by pursuing a Bachelor’s degree in Business with a minor in computer education from one of the most reputed colleges in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. I chose to do a majority of my courses in Finance and Accounting. These courses enabled me to refine my problem-solving and analytical abilities. The multitude of group projects that I undertook as a part of my finance and accounting course work enabled me to refine and strengthen my leadership and inter-personal skills. I thoroughly enjoyed the challenge and experience of leading two projects with teams of 3-5 members. These projects were acknowledged as the ‘best in class’ which in turn increased my self-confidence. After completion of my bachelor’s degree, I decided to broaden the scope of my knowledge and experience. I successfully completed a one year Graduate level program in Financial Management together with a 6 month co-op at one of the India offices of Bank of America. My responsibilities at Bank of America included processing home loans and auditing mortgage documents. I was fascinated by the global reach of this company which opened a world of possibilities for me. My consistent interaction with the employees in the U.S enabled me to build effective communication skills and people skills. Now, having migrated to the United States, I am excited about exploring career opportunities at Bank of America. I strongly believe that pursuing the MAC program at North Carolina State University will serve as a perfect launch pad to achieve this goal. In order to lay a strong foundation of knowledge in accounting systems prevalent in the United States, I have completed 18 hours of Certificate of Accounting Program (CAP). The 6 graduate level courses included Federal Income Tax, Auditing, Accounting Information Systems, Intermediate Accounting I II and Management Accounting. By completing these courses, I have satisfied all the pre-requisites that I require to pursue the MAC program at North Carolina State University. I am excited that my dream of pursuing graduate education and a successful career in accounting here in the United States is at the cusp of fruition, and I look forward to being a proud graduate of MAC class of 2013.

Individual Learning Styles Essay -- Teaching Education School Essays

Individual Learning Styles The purpose of this research paper is to examine learning styles theories to determine if teaching students to use their own particular learning style can help ail them in increased educational success. The learning style aspect consists of six key areas including brain processing, sensory modalities, physical needs, environmental preferences, social aspects, and attitudes. Besides the way a person operates, there are two other important factors that play a key role in effecting a person?s learning style. These important factors include each individuals learning patterns and a theory known as multiple intelligences. Individual learning patterns are focused on four main types ES, IN, EN and the IS. The theory of multiple intelligences is based on eight types of intelligences, these include visual/spatial, verbal/linguistic, Logical/mathematical, bodily/kinesthetic, Musical/rhythmic, interpersonal intelligence, and finally naturalist. It is very important to understand and explore each individuals learning style. Analyzing one?s own particular learning style can be very helpful and beneficial to the student by aiding them in becoming more focused and an attentive learner, which ultimately will increase educational success. (Fatt, Teng, 2000). Discovering this learning style will allow the student to determine his or her own personal strengths and weaknesses and learn from them. Aside from that, this process will improve one?s self esteem because now the student will feel more comfortable and prepared to take on the learning challenge, also gives student the confidence needed to achieve their goals (Creative Learning Company, 2001). Students will also benefit from the simple fact that now the... ... causes learning failure. Campbell, L., & Campbell, B. (1999). Teaching & learning through multiple intelligences. Boston, Mass: Allyn and Bacon. Explains how to make the best out of one?s own personal learning style not only through learning but through the teaching aspect as well. Silver, H.F., & Strong, R.W., & Perini, M.J. (2000). So each may learn: Integrating learning Styles and multiple intelligences. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Shows that when putting together one?s own particular learning style with the theory of multiple intelligences, the student will maximize their learning capability. Learning Styles and Your Child. (2001). Encarta. Microsoft Corporation Defines learning styles as a whole and explains how parents and teachers can best accommodate each child through their learning experience. Individual Learning Styles Essay -- Teaching Education School Essays Individual Learning Styles The purpose of this research paper is to examine learning styles theories to determine if teaching students to use their own particular learning style can help ail them in increased educational success. The learning style aspect consists of six key areas including brain processing, sensory modalities, physical needs, environmental preferences, social aspects, and attitudes. Besides the way a person operates, there are two other important factors that play a key role in effecting a person?s learning style. These important factors include each individuals learning patterns and a theory known as multiple intelligences. Individual learning patterns are focused on four main types ES, IN, EN and the IS. The theory of multiple intelligences is based on eight types of intelligences, these include visual/spatial, verbal/linguistic, Logical/mathematical, bodily/kinesthetic, Musical/rhythmic, interpersonal intelligence, and finally naturalist. It is very important to understand and explore each individuals learning style. Analyzing one?s own particular learning style can be very helpful and beneficial to the student by aiding them in becoming more focused and an attentive learner, which ultimately will increase educational success. (Fatt, Teng, 2000). Discovering this learning style will allow the student to determine his or her own personal strengths and weaknesses and learn from them. Aside from that, this process will improve one?s self esteem because now the student will feel more comfortable and prepared to take on the learning challenge, also gives student the confidence needed to achieve their goals (Creative Learning Company, 2001). Students will also benefit from the simple fact that now the... ... causes learning failure. Campbell, L., & Campbell, B. (1999). Teaching & learning through multiple intelligences. Boston, Mass: Allyn and Bacon. Explains how to make the best out of one?s own personal learning style not only through learning but through the teaching aspect as well. Silver, H.F., & Strong, R.W., & Perini, M.J. (2000). So each may learn: Integrating learning Styles and multiple intelligences. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Shows that when putting together one?s own particular learning style with the theory of multiple intelligences, the student will maximize their learning capability. Learning Styles and Your Child. (2001). Encarta. Microsoft Corporation Defines learning styles as a whole and explains how parents and teachers can best accommodate each child through their learning experience.